This management principle comes from Japan and means improvement. This principle focuses on the improvement of existing services, business processes, methods, means of production, products, techniques etc.. Combination of the two Japanese words Kai (change) and Zen (good). Generally stands for "continuous improvement". In other words, kaizen means change for the better or further development. Kaizen is a management philosophy that defines the role of management in continuously promoting and implementing small improvements that involve every employee. It is a process of continuous improvement in small steps that makes a process more efficient, effective, controlled, and adaptable. The improvements are usually accomplished with little or no effort, without sophisticated techniques or expensive equipment. The focus is on simplification, breaking down complicated processes into their sub-processes and then improving them.

Kaizen focuses on:

1. Value-added and non-value-added work activities
2. Avoiding muda (waste):

• • Overproduction
  • Delays
  • Excess transportation
  • Waste in process
  • High inventory
  • Wasteful movement
  • and defective parts relates

Principles of material handling and use of one-piece flow-

Documentation of standard operating procedures

The five S's for workplace organization

Creating transparency:

Simplify information content and its visual implementation on the appropriate communication media- Just-in-time principles to produce only the units in the right quantities, on time, and with right resources

Poka-Joke, prevent or detect errors

Dynamic teams that solve problems, have communication skills, and manage conflict.